湖北清江和尚洞洞穴温度对气候变化的响应

Correspondences of Heshang cave temperature to climatic change in Qingjiang,Hubei

对湖北清江流域和尚洞内、洞外气温进行同步高频监测，发现洞穴温度响应洞外气温的变化，但由于受到洞穴的“缓冲作用”，由外及里的温度变化幅度变小，时间滞后，且响应的快慢具有明显的季节性。2003—2008年度监测的数据统计表明，在150m洞深处，洞内日温度的变化幅度仅0．2℃，明显低于洞外气温变化幅度（6．9℃）；同样，洞内夏、冬季节温差变化（6．9℃）也小于洞外（31．8℃）。比较洞内外温度的时间序列，发现日尺度上，洞内气温滞后洞外0～2小时，而在季节尺度上则滞后10-40天，其中降温阶段滞后小，升温阶段滞后大。此外，一年四季中，洞内温度对外界气温变化的响应呈现慢（2—4月）→快（5—7月）→较快（8—10月）→较慢（11-1月）的特点，可能与不同季节下洞穴“缓冲作用”的强弱变化有关。

By monitoring nearly 5 years （Sep. 2003- Mar. 2008） temperature inside and outside Heshang cave, which is conducted synchronously and under a resolution of 2 hours, a well correspondence is found on the annual and seasonal timescales. However, the cave temperature amplitude decreases with the increase of the cave depths and lags behind the exterior temperature due to the ＂buffering effect＂ in the cave that differs seasonally as well. Be similar with the temperature diurnal changes （0.2℃ inside and 6.9℃ outside the cave respectively）, on the seasonal timescale, the loggers indicate a much smaller variation in interior temperature （6.9℃） compared to the exterior one （31.8℃）. Besides, interestingly, the daily cave temperature lags 0～2 hours to the outside, while lags 10～40 days on the seasonal cycle, and such postponement is shorter when temperature falling but longer temperature rising. It is also found that the cave temperature responding to outside climate presents four courses throughout the year： slowly （Feb. to Apr. ）→ rapidly （May to Jul. ）→ not so rapidly （Aug. to Oct. ）→not so slowly （Nov. to Jan. the next year）, which is believed to relate to the seasonal ＂buffering effect＂ of the cave.