北海市辖区17年口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗强化免疫效果评价

Evaluation on Efficacy of Supplementary Immunization of Oral Polio Vaccine in Beihai City

目的对北海市辖区连续17年34轮进行脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)减毒活疫苗(OPV)强化免疫活动实施效果评价。方法利用该市1991-2008年1月的3岁以下儿童OPV强化免疫以及人群脊灰中和抗体水平、脊灰发病监测等资料进行描述性分析。结果该市17年OPV的强化免疫合计接种率97.9%;零剂次儿童占3岁以下总儿童的3.9%;1～59岁健康人群脊灰Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型中和抗体阳性率分别为99.0%、99.5%、97.5%,抗体几何平均滴度(GMT)分别为1:115.7、1:97.2、1:32.6。病毒学监测已连续15年无脊灰野病毒病例发生。结论该市辖区17年OPV的强化免疫效果显著,人群对脊灰已形成免疫屏障,维持了无脊灰状态。

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of supplementary immunization of oral polio vaccine in Beihai City during the period of 1991-2008. Methods From 1991 to January 2008, children 〈 3 years old strengthened OPV immunization. The antibody levels in the crowd and the incidence monitoring data were descriptively analyzed. Results OPV immunization coverage rate was 97.9 % in Beihai City during the period of 1991--2008. Zero vaccination rate of children 〈 3 yearold was 3.9 %. The positive rates of neutralizing antibody of poliotype Ⅰ ,Ⅱ , and Ⅲ were 99.0 %, 99.5 %, and 97.5 % in 1 -- 59 - year - old healthy population, and the geometric mean antibody titers （GMT） were 1 ： 115.7; 1：97.2 ; and 1 ： 32.6 respectively. No wild virus case was found in epidemic monitoring on 15 successive years. Conclusion The results suggest that efficacy of supplementary immunization of oral polio vaccine is significant, and immunization barrier is established among healthy population in Beihai City during the period of 1991--2008.