航天器局部系统动力特性的频率匹配设计

Optimal-frequency Design for Dynamic Characteristics of Local Spacecraft Structures

对航天器结构进行频率匹配设计,是降低耦合响应,控制其在发射阶段动力响应水平的有效方法,文章进行了局部系统动力特性的频率匹配技术研究。用基于响应谱分析的频率匹配技术优化配置局部系统的固有频率,使其与整星动力学特性和动态激励特性更加匹配,并结合结构动力特性优化使局部系统频率满足设计值。通过工程实例,验证了该方法用于控制航天器动力响应的有效性,优化后设备加速度响应幅值相对于优化前降低了20%～40%。

Spacecraft structure with optimal natural frequencies could decrease coupling vibration during the lunching stage, so optimal-frequency design for local spacecraft structure is studied in this paper. Separating local system from the whole spacecraft structure could avoid the large-scale analysis model, which is always the obstacle to the application of traditional methods. Local system＇s natural frequencies are allocated based on transient response spectrum analysis, which makes them match the dynamic characteristics of excitations and the whole system. A theoretical optimization model is also established. An application of this method to a spacecraft shows its efficiency for controlling structures＇ dynamic vibration, with the maximum acceleration of equipment being reduced by 20%-40% of the initial value.