艾滋病VCT服务中求询者感知风险的因子分析

Evaluation of risks perceived by people using HIV voluntary counseling and testing services

目的探讨艾滋病自愿咨询检测(VCT)服务利用中,求询者感知风险的构成和影响因素。方法采用自填式问卷,调查北京地区268名求询者对VCT服务利用中各项感知风险的评价,使用因子分析方法探讨各项风险评价的内在联系,并对不同求询者的因子得分进行比较。结果通过因子分析提取了6个感知风险因子,分别是隐私泄露恐惧、难为情心理、对检测质量的担忧、对有形成本的认知、对阳性结果社会后果的担忧、对阳性结果医疗费用的担忧。通过对求询者特征与风险感知水平的关系的分析。发现低收入和高收入求询者的感知风险明显高于中等收入者。结论艾滋病VCT服务中,求询者感知风险有明确的内容结构,并且不同收入水平的求询者的感知风险有明显的差异。

Objective To investigate and analyze structure of risk perceived by people using HIV voluntary counseling and testing services and related factors. Method Two hundred and sixty eight VCT users were selected from 2 CDCs and 2 hospitals in Beijing and their perceived risks in the process of VCT were assessed by using self-administered questionnaires. Factor analysis was performed to understand the relationship between different perceived risks, and risks perceived by different users were evaluated. Results Six factors were obtained from the factor analysis which included ： fear of privacy disclosure,embarrassment,concern over the reliability of HIV tests, cost ＆ time consumption, the tragic outcomes of HIV positive tests,and potential medical expenditures in the future.And the risks perceived by low and high income users were much higher than those perceived by middle income users. Conclusion There are clear structure of risks perceived by people using HIV voluntary counseling and testing,and people w/th different ineomes have different levels of perceived risks.