广东省多部门开展流动人口艾滋病防治工作现状及策略定性研究

Qualitative study on status quo and strategy of multi-sector involvement in HIV/AIDS prevention and control among floating population in Gungdong province

目的分析多部门开展流动人口艾滋病防治工作现状,为探索多部门开展流动人口艾滋病防治工作策略提供依据。方法采用定性调查方法,对广东省级和两个地市与流动人口接触、管理和艾滋病防治有关的政府部门、社会团体和基层组织相关人员,进行个人深入访谈和焦点小组访谈,对访谈资料进行转录、编码、分类、汇总和分析。结果共调查73个相关机构,焦点小组访谈74人,个人深入访谈64人。少数部门开展了以宣传教育为主的艾滋病防治工作,一般采取与本部门其他工作相结合的策略,部分基层部门对艾滋病的防治认识不足,全省还没有开展流动人口艾滋病防治的战略规划和行动计划。普追缺乏专业人员和专项经费。结论流动人口艾滋病防治工作不容乐观,政府应发挥更积极的作用。打破户籍的禁锢,将流动人口纳入关怀和管理制度体系之内,并尽快制定统一的流动人口艾滋病防治战略规划和行动计划。

Objective To investigate status quo of multi - sector involvement in HIV/AIDS prevention and control among floating population, and provide information for the development of relevant strategy. Methods In - depth individual interviews and focus group discussions were conducted in a qualitative survey. Sixty four participants were surveyed through in- depth individual interviews while 74 participants were surveyed through focus group discussions. The participants were staff from 73 organizations including governmental departments,social groups and grassroot organizations at the provincial and city level, who were familiar with the work of HIV/AIDS prevention and control among floating population. Results Only a few departments carried out HIV/AIDS prevention and control programs,mainly through public education among floating population and such programs were part of other projects of these departments. Staffs in grass - root organizations had insufficient understanding about the risk of HIV/AIDS. No overall strategy or plan of action were developed for HIV/AIDS prevention and control among floating population at the provincial level;neither sufficient professionals nor special funds were provided to this end. Conclusion The status quo of HIV/AIDS prevention and control among floating population in Guangdong province is not optimistic. The government should take more actual actions to stop AIDS among floating population including removal of the restriction of household registration and providing them with equal care and management service as original inhabitants. An overall strategy and plan of action should be formulated immediately at the provincial level for HIV/AIDS prevention and control among floating population.