葡萄膜炎的临床治疗研究进展

Recent advances in studies of clinical treatment of uveitis

葡萄膜炎是临床上常见的一类免疫相关性炎性疾病。糖皮质激素是葡萄膜炎的首选治疗药物；而对于一些顽固性或难治性葡萄膜炎患者可联合环孢素、麦考酚酸酯、硫唑嘌呤或环磷酰胺等免疫调节剂治疗；抗肿瘤坏死因子制剂、干扰素α及白细胞介素2受体拮抗剂等生物制剂也显示有独特疗效；玻璃体内注射糖皮质激素缓释剂或玻璃体切除手术对某些特殊类型的葡萄膜炎及其并发症有一定疗效。近年来，眼科学者们开展了一些新的免疫调节或者手术方法用以治疗葡萄膜炎眼病。

Uveitis is a common immune-related intraocular inflammation, the topical or systemic corticostereids are the first-line drugs for the treatment of uveitis. The combined immunomodulatory agents of cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetile, azathioprine or cyclophosphamide are helpful for the treatment of severe or refractory uveitis. The new biologic agents, tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, interferon α or the interleukin-2 receptor antagonists, are also helpful for certain types of refractory uveitis. Intravitreal steroids injection or vitrectomy would be beneficial for specific types of uveitis and their complications. The advances of uveitis treatment in recent years are reviewed.