组织工程化人工肋骨三维支架材料的比较及生物学评价

The comparison and biological evaluation of the three-dimensional scaffold for tissue engineered artificial rib

目的通过生物学评价考察多孔磷酸钙和聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物（PLGA／HA）两种组织工程化人工肋骨材料的安全性，并筛选出较为合适的材料。方法利用两种材料的浸提液进行热源试验、溶血试验、急性全身毒性试验等生物学评价。利用micro-CT进行材料孔隙率和HA含量的测定，并将两种材料分别与猪骨髓基质干细胞进行培养，观察其接种后连续6d细胞的生长情况和4、12、24h细胞黏附情况。结果两种材料均无急性全身毒性反应、溶血和热源作用。micro-CT结果显示，多孔磷酸钙较PLGA／HA有更高的HA含量（P≤0．05），与人松质骨接近，并且孔径大小均衡，互相连通。细胞增殖试验显示，多孔磷酸钙组细胞较PLGA／HA组生长明显快（P≤0．05）。黏附试验显示，细胞对于两种材料的黏附率都不足50％，但两者无明显差异（P〉0．05）。结论多孔磷酸钙和PLGMHA对机体毒性较小，安全可靠；作为组织工程化人工肋骨的支架来说多孔磷酸钙比PLGA／HA更为合适。

Objective To evaluate the safety of porous phosphate calcium and PLGA/HA by biological evaluation, and then choose the more suitable material for tissue engineered scaffold. Methods Extracts of the materials were used to perform pyrogenic test, Hemolytic test and acute toxicity test to evaluate the material＇ s safety. The porosity and content of HA was determined by Micro CT. The prohferations of the cells were observed by calculating the number six days successively after the provine＇ s BMSCs were ineculated onthe scaffold. The adhesions to the different materials were observed at4, 12, and24 hours after inoculating. Results Two materials have no acute toxic, haemolytic and pyrogenie reaction. The result of micro CT demonstrated that the content of HA of porous phosphate calcium was （1101. 2228 ± 0.6184） mg/ccm which was higher than PLGA/HA（ P ≤ 0. 05 ） and equal to the normal human bone. The sizes of porous phosphate calcium were also more homogenous than PLGA/HA and connect with each other. The experiment of cell proliferation showed that the cells cultivated with porous phosphate calcium proliferated more rapidly than those with PLGA/HA （ P ≤ 0.05）. The rate of the cell adhesion to both material was less than 50% （ P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion The porous calcium and PIGA/HA is safe material. As a tissue engineered scaffold for artificial rib, porous phosphate calcium is more suitable than PLGA/HA.