医院出生新生儿乙型肝炎疫苗首针未及时接种原因调查分析

Analysis on the Reason of Unvaccinated First Dose Hepatitis B Vaccine to the Neonates Delivered in Hospital

目的了解影响医院出生新生儿乙型肝炎（乙肝）疫苗首针（Hepatitis B Vaccune,HepB1）及时接种的因素。方法收集2006-2007年在北京妇产医院出生的24 651名新生儿HepB1接种登记资料,对1169名未接种者的原因进行分析。结果新生儿HepB1及时接种率为95.26%,未及时接种的原因主要是早产儿、低出生体重儿、窒息、呻吟待查、患有其它疾病等,分别占未及时接种者的74.42%、11.21%、5.48%、3.76%、5.13%。结论在北京市住院分娩的新生儿HepB1及时接种率已达到较高水平,影响HepB1及时接种的主要原因在于对HepB1接种禁忌证把握过度严格。需加强医院内预防接种人员相关知识的培训。

Objective To find out the unvaccination reasons of Hepatitis B vaccine timely birth dose（HepB1）timely born in hospital.Methods The registered data of 24,651 children born from Beijing Maternity Hospital in 2006-2007 were collected.The reasons of which 1,169 neonates did not have timely HepB1 vaccination among 24,651 neonates were analyzed.Results In the hospital,the HepB1 timely coverage rate was 95.26%.The reasons of which neonates did not have HepB1 timely vaccination were premature,low birth weight,asphyxiation,groaning and other diseases,and the proportions accounting for all neonates were 74.42%,11.21%,5.48%,3.76% and 5.13% respectively.Conclusions The HepB1 timely coverage rate had reached at high level in Beijing.The main reason of un-vaccination timely HepB1 was incorrect to distinguish the contraindications for HepB vaccine.It is necessary to strengthen education for immunization staff.