腮腺唾液富组蛋白抗菌活性的研究

Antibacterial activity of histidinerich polypeptides in human parotid saliva

为探讨富组蛋白（ｈｉｓｔｉｄｉｎｅｒｉｃｈｐｏｌｙｐｅｐｔｉｄｅｓ，ＨＲＰｓ）的抗菌作用，进一步阐明唾液的正常生理功能，我们采用二种微量且敏感的琼脂糖弥散抗菌实验，分析了腮腺唾液中ＨＲＰｓ的抗菌活性。研究结果不但证实ＨＲＰｓ对变形链球菌ＭＴ６Ｒ株确有抗菌活性，还首次发现ＨＲＰｓ对金黄色葡萄球菌ＡＴＣＣ２５９２３株、大肠杆菌ＭＬ３５Ｐ株及绿脓杆菌ＡＴＣＣ２７８５３株也有很强的抗菌活性。观察表明，在腮腺唾液中起抗菌作用的主要是ＨＲＰ３、ＨＲＰ５和ＨＲＰ６。ＨＲＰｓ对血链球菌Ｓ３４Ｓｒ株无抗菌活性。该项研究结果表明，ＨＲＰｓ实际上为一组内源性广谱抗生素肽，对霉菌、革兰氏阳性与阴性细菌均有抗菌作用。ＨＲＰｓ除具有防龋功能外，还可能是口腔中对抗多种微生物感染的重要分子，应该进行深入研究。

Two ultrasensitive antibacterial assays were applied to determine the antibacterial activity of histidinerich polypeptides (HRPs) in human parotid saliva. The results not only confirmed the potent antibacterial activity of HRPs against Streptococcus mutans MT6R, but also showed for the first time that HRPs were effectivelly antibacterial to Staphylcococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ML35p and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. Among HRPs、HRP3、HRP5 and HRP6 were the major antibacterial components which were active against S. mutans,S. aureus, E. coli and P. aeruginosa, whereas HRP1 was only effective against E. coli. S. sanguis was resistant to the action of HRPs. These results suggest that HRPs are actually a family of endogenous antibiotic peptides with broad antimicrobial spectrum including fungi, Grampositive and Gramnegative bacteria and may play an important role in the prevention of various infection diseases in the oral cavity as well as in the resistance to caries.