袁世凯与直隶商业

Yuan Shikai and the Commerce in Zhili Province

袁世凯十分重视直隶商业的发展,他的举措具体而言有三:一是拯救北方巨埠天津市场;二是减轻商人负担;三是解决一些商业方面的实际问题;就宏观而言主要是发行公债、整顿税收,开办银行、进行币制改革,再就是致力于改进交通、以法治商。由于袁世凯的努力,直隶商业得到极大发展,直隶也因此取代湖南省成为全国的模范省。晚清重商思潮风起云涌,袁世凯乃其实行者,以往学界重思想、轻实践,并不足取。

Yuan Shikai attached great importance to the development of the commerce in Zhili Province. He took three measures： to save the giant market in the northern port of Tianjin; to reduce the burden of the businessmen; and to solve some practical problems of the business. Meanwhile, his measures on the macroeconomy include issuance of government bonds, rectifying taxation and opening banks implementing monetary reform, as well as improving transportation and manage commerce with law. Yuan＇s efforts have helped the rapid development of the commerce in Zhili, which took the place of Hunan as the model for the country. There were numerous ideas and thoughts concerning commerce but Yuan Shikai was the person to put them into practice. It is irrational for the scholars pay more attention to academic research while less to practice.