气候变化与水库大坝安全

Climate change and dam safety

气候变化通过加剧水文循环进而影响大型水利工程的设计、运行和水工建筑材料特性等。全球变暖背景下,由于暴雨、干旱极端事件的增加,水利工程的设计标准有待进一步提高,持续性干旱对于水利工程安全运行影响显著,持续性高温、低温等极端天气事件也将使大坝安全系数降低。同时,大型水利工程修建对区域气候亦具有一定的反馈作用。正确认识气候变化与大坝安全相互影响的关系,对于水资源的可持续利用、应对不利气候变化、保证经济社会稳定发展等具有重要的现实意义。

Climate change affects the design, operation and feature of material of hydraulic structures in large water project construction by aggravating hydrological cycle. Under the background of global warming that increases the extreme events of rainstorm and drought, the design standard of water project is subject to further enhancement. Continuous drought has obvious impact on the safe operation of water structures. Continuous high temperature or low temperature also lowers the safety coefficient of dam. Meanwhile, large water project construction has certain functions of feedback to the local climate. Properly handle the relationship between climate change and dam safety is of practical meaning for sustainable utilization of water resources, coping with unfavorable climate change, and ensuring stable development of society and economy.