乡村医生与结核病人发现关系的定性研究

A Qualitative Study on the Relationship between Rural Doctors and Tuberculosis Case Detection

目的了解重庆地区乡村医生在结核病人发现中的作用及影响因素。方法采用关键人物访谈、个人深入访谈及专题小组讨论的方法,对相关部门领导、结核病现症病人/可疑者、普通村民及医务人员进行访谈。结果乡村医生能准确提供当地村民的基本情况,在肺结核的发现方面发挥重要作用。政府投入过低和监管乏力、乡村医生业务素质不高等因素影响了农村结核病人的发现。结论乡村医生在结核病人发现中的作用未充分发挥,应加大宣传力度提高村民结防意识,加强培训力度提高乡村医生业务素质,加强基础设施建设,建立健全较为完善的保障体系,制定有效的监督管理政策,提高农村结核病人的发现率。

Objective To learn the effects and influencing factors of rural doctors in tuberculosis case detection in Chongqing Municipality. Methods The leaderships of relevant departments, TB patients or suspects, rural residents, doctors and nurses were interviewed by key information interviews, in- depth interview, and focus group discussion. Results Factors that influenced the detection of tuberculosis case in rural areas were lacking of governmental financial supports, weak supervision, poor professional quality of rural doctors. Conclusion The rural doctors had not fully played the role in tuberculosis case detection. The propaganda should be enhanced, the recognition of the rural residents on TB prevention and treatment be raised, the training be strengthened to raise the professional quality, the building of infrastructure construction be improved, the security system be established and improved, and the supervision and management policies be formulated. Thus the rate of TB case detection of in rural areas could be increased.