播期与密度对33°N线旱茬麦小麦产量及构成因素的影响

Effect of Sowing Date and Density on Yield and Its Componts of Drought Wheat in 33° North Latitude

[目的]为33°N旱茬麦丰产提供依据。[方法]以烟农19为试材,研究不同播期和密度对成穗数、穗粒数、千粒重和产量的影响。[结果]随着播期的延迟,单位面积成穗数呈下降趋势。在同一播期条件下,单位面积穗数随密度增大表现为先增加后下降的趋势。播期为10月8日和10月15日的穗粒数明显低于播期为10月22日和10月22日。播期为10月22日时小麦千粒重最高,10月22日和11月5日次之。播期为10月22日的产量最高;其次为10月15日和10月29日;播期为11月5日时产量最低。[结论]播期为10月22日,密度为300万株/hm2时,33°N旱茬麦可获得较高的产量。

[Objective] The study aimed to provide the basis for high yield of drought wheat in 33° north latitude.[Method] With Yannong 19 as tested material,the effects of different sowing dates and densities on spike number,grain number per spike,1 000-grain weight and yield were studied.[Result] With the delaying of sowing date,the spike number per unit area had a decrease tread.Under the same sowing date,with the increasing of density,the spike number per unit area showed the tread of first rising and then decreasing.The grain number of in the treatment with sowing date of October 8 and 15 were obviously less than that with sowing date of October 22 and 29.The 1000-grain weight of wheat with sowing date of October 22 was the highest,and the following were those with sowing date of October 29 and November 5.The yield of wheat with sowing date of October 22 was the highest,the following was those with sowing date of October 15 and 29,and that with sowing date of Nov.5 was the lowest.[Conclusion] When the sowing date was the middle and the last ten-days of October and the density was 3.00×10^6 plants/hm^2,the drought wheat could obtain higher yield in 33° north latitude.