元宝枫油制取生物柴油的工艺优化

Technology Optimization on Making Biodiesel from the Seed Oil of Acer truncatum

通过两步法制取元宝枫生物柴油。第一步采用浓H2SO4催化、甲醇预酯化对元宝枫油进行降酸、脱水处理，使其酸值降至小于l。第二步采用KOH催化、酯交换反应制取生物柴油。对两步法制取生物柴油的工艺条件进行了试验研究，并通过气相色谱分析了生物柴油的脂肪酸中酯组成及含量，同时对生物柴油的性能参数进行了检测。结果表明，第一步工艺条件为：醇油摩尔比6，催化剂质量分数0．6％，反应温度50℃，反应时间90min；第二步最佳工艺条件为：醇油摩尔比6，催化剂质量分数0．9％，反应温度60℃，反应时间50min，可使元宝枫油转化率达99％以上。气相色谱分析表明：元宝枫生物柴油中18～20碳脂肪酸甲酯质量分数为91．54％，其中油酸甲酯质量分数为37．03％，亚油酸甲酯质量分数为41．37％。

A novel biodiesel was prepared by a two-step technology from the seed oil of Acer truncatum Bunge, a woody oil-bearing plant. Technological conditions of the esterification were investigated, and the composition of the product was analyzed by gas chromatography （GC）. The technological parameters to reduce the acidity of the oil in the first step were as follows： the ratio of methanol to the oil was 6, amount of concentrated sulfuric acid as catalyst 0.6%, reaction temperature 50℃, and reaction time 90 min. In the second step however, the ratio of methanol to oil was 6, the amount of potassium hydroxide as catalyst 0.9%, reaction temperature 60℃, and reaction time 50 min. The conversion rate of seed oil of Acer truncaturn was over 99 %. The results of GC analysis showed that in biodiesel obtaining, the methyl esters of fatty acid with 18- 20 carbon chains accounted for 91.54%, including 37.03% of methyl oleate, 41.37% of methyl linoleate.