从《徒然草》看吉田兼好的生命美学

The "Aesthetics of Life" Revealed in Yoshida Kenko’s Tsurezuregusa

本文从"无常与感动"、"对盛衰之变的理性认识"和"兼好生命美学的价值"三个方面分析了吉田兼好以《徒然草》为代表的生命美学。并指出,吉田兼好的死与美相结合的美学思想本质上是对人类无常哀感的克服和超越,是古代日本人对待死亡情结的一种形而上的解决方法。本文期望通过这一研究能使我们对日本人的传统价值观、生命观,对日本的深层文化有更深刻的理解。

This article discusses Yoshida Kenko＇ s aesthetics of life from three aspects ： variability and emotion, rational views on mutual changes between prosperity and decline, and values of ‘life-aesthetics＇. It is pointed out that Yoshida＇s masterpiece Tsurezuregusa, a symbolic combination of life and death in aesthetics of life, is in fact a conquering and surpassing of the constant human feelings of sadness over variability. This idea was originated in the ancient Japanese philosophy on the complex of death. Understanding this can help us have a further interpretation of traditional values of Japanese, views of life and the deep structure of Japanese culture.