近视眼眼压测量值及其影响因素分析

Value of intraocular pressure in myopic people and its associated factors

目的探讨近视眼眼压（IOP）的测量值及其影响因素。方法取准分子激光近视治疗前的右眼资料3325例和双眼屈光参差病例277例，应用t检验、方差分析和相关性分析的统计方法，研究角膜中央厚度（CCT）、角膜表面曲率、眼轴长度、性别、年龄、屈光度和屈光参差等与IOP的关系。结果平均IOP（16．2±2．7）mmHg（1mmHg=0．133 kPa）。CCT（541±28）μm，二者正相关（相关系数r=0．4768，P〈0．05）。角膜表面平均屈率（44．5±1．1）D，与IOP正相关（相关系数r=0．1010，P〈0．05）。随年龄增加，IOP下降，年龄≤20岁平均IOP为（16．5±2．9）mmHg；21～29岁平均IOP（16．2±2．8）mmHg；31～40岁平均IOP（16．1±2．8）mmHg。三组方差分析差异有统计学意义（F=4．4996，P=0．0112）。随屈光度增加，IOP呈上升趋势，屈光度≤3．00D，平均IOP（16．1±2．9）mmHg；屈光度3．25-6．00D，平均IOP（16．2±2．9）mmHg；屈光度6．25～9．75D，平均IOP（16．5zt：2．8）mmHg；屈光度≥10．00D，平均IOP（16．8±2．8）mmHg。四组方差分析差异有统计学意义（F=19．6636，P=0．0001）。近视眼IOP与眼轴长度和性别无相关性。屈光参差眼双眼IOP检验差异无统计学意义（t=0．5738，P=0．5637）。结论近视眼IOP与CCT和角膜曲率正相关；随年龄增加IOP下降；随屈光度上升IOP升高；IOP与眼轴长度和性别无关；屈光参差眼双眼IOP无差别。

Objective To investigate the value of intraocular pressure in myopic people and the related factors. Methods The data of 3 325 right eyes in 3 325 myopic patients and 277 cases with anisometropia in both eyes was achieved and analyzed with t-test, variance, and statistics of relativity. The analysis was done by SAS 8.0 software to get the mean value and their correlations. The investigation includes gender, age, sex, CCT（ central corneal thickness）, diopter, IOP （intraocular,measured by non-contact tonometer） , curvature of cornea and axisoculi ength. Results The mean value of lOP was （16.2±2. 7）mm Hg （ 1 mm Hg = 0. 133 kPa） ; the mean value of CCT was（541±28） μm, lOP was related with CCT, the coefficient r = 0. 4768 ; the mean value of curvature of cornea was （44.52±1.11 ）D, which was related with IOP and curvature of cornea, the coefficient r = 0. 1010. The lOP was becoming low with the age increasing. When the age ≤20 ,the mean value of IOP was（ 16.5±2.9） mm Hg; the age was 21 - 29, the mean value of IOP was （ 16.2±2. 8 ） mm Hg ; the age was 31 - 40, the mean value of lOP was （ 16.1±2. 8 ） mm Hg. Statistice difference appeared in the analysis of variance with the 3 groups （ F = 4. 4996, P = 0.0112 ）. IOP will go up with the increase of diopter, diopters〈3.00 D, the mean value of lOP was （ 16.1±2.9） mm Hg; diopter 3.25 - 6.00 D, the mean value of IOP was （ 16.2±2.9 ）mm Hg; diopter 6.25 - 9.75 D, the mean value of IOP was （ 16.5±2.8 ）mm Hg; diopter ≥ 10.00 D,the mean value of lOP was（ 16.8±2.8 ） mm Hg. Statistice differenc appeared in the analysis of variance with the 4 groups （ F = 19. 6636, P = 0. 0001 ）. There was not associativity between the value of intra ocular pressure in myopic people and axis oculi, sex. lOP in myopic which had anisometropia in both eyes was idem（ P = 0.5637 ）, There was no statistic difference. Conclusion The mensure of lOP is associated with CCT and curvature of cornea. Intraocular tension is becoming low with the age increasing. Intraocular will go up with the increase of diopter, lOP is not related with axis oculi, and sex. IOP is not different in both eyes with anisometropia.