太极拳运动对老年人身体素质的影响

The Influence of Tai Chi Exercise on Physical Fitness of the Elderly

目的:研究长期规律太极拳运动对老年人身体素质的影响。方法:随机抽取81例60～75岁老年人,均排除心血管及糖尿病等严重疾病,对其中常年无锻炼的38例为对照组;练习太极拳>3年的43例为锻炼组。2组均进行反映灵敏素质、力量素质、平衡素质及柔韧素质的反应时,握力,闭目单足站立时间及坐位体前屈的测试。结果:与对照组比较,锻炼组男、女反应时均显著缩短(P<0.01,0.05),握力显著增高(P<0.01),闭目单足站立时间明显延长(P<0.05),坐位体前屈距离明显增大(P<0.05)。结论:长期坚持太极拳锻炼,可以有效改善老年人整体身体素质,对于延缓身体机能老化有积极意义。

Objective： To investigate the influence of long-term Tai Chi on the physical fitness of the elderly. Methods： Eighty-one subjects ranging in age from 60 to 75 years were randomly assigned to control group （38） and treatment group （43）. The patients with severe diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes were excluded from this study. Agility, strength, balance, flexibility, handgrip, single-leg standing with eyes-closed and reaching forward in sitting were assessed in two groups. Results： Compared with the control group, the reaction time was obviously shortened and hand- grip was improved （P（0.01）, the duration of single leg standing with eyes closed was extended and distance of reaching forward in sitting was increased （P〈0.05） in the males of treatment group. As compared with the females in control group, the reaction time was obviously shortened and the duration of single-leg standing with eyes-closed was extended, distance of reaching forward in sitting was increased （P〈0.05） and handgrip was improved （P〈0.01） in the females of treatment group. Conclusion： Long-term Tai Chi exercise is an effective way to improve the physical fitness of the elderly and has a positive meaning on slowing down the body aging processes.