护士行为干预在深度烧伤患者功能维护中的效果观察

Effects of Nursing Intervention on Functional Maintenance of Patients with Severe Burn

目的:探讨深度烧伤患者在功能恢复中所采取早期和后期的护理干预措施后的效果。方法:将432例深度烧伤患者随机分成观察组和对照组各216例,观察组早期给予心理支持以提高患者心理承受能力和参与护理的能力,严格摆放功能性体位,对创面进行有效管理以加速创面愈合,功能锻炼及早进行;后期加强皮肤护理,坚持压力治疗、水浴、运动训练及ADL能力训练等。对照组仍采用常规护理。半年后,通过复诊及院外随访、电话访谈等渠道问卷调查患者的康复效果。结果:经过4～8周的治疗,观察组患者ADL能力、瘢痕增生程度、疼痛及关节活动程度的改善明显优于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:深度烧伤患者进行早期、规范、系统、全程的积极的行为干预,能加速康复,有效降低深度烧伤后遗症的发生和严重程度,提高生存质量。

Objective： To investigate the effectiveness of early and late nursing interventions for the patients with severe burn during the functional recovery. Methods： 432 subjects were equally assigned to treatment group and control group. Early psychological support was given to the patients in treatment group, and simultaneously following nursing in terventions were done： functional position, effective management to the wound, early functional exercises, skin care, pressure treatment, water bath, exercise training, etc. The patients in control group received routine nursing care. The rehabilitation results were analyzed through the revisit of patients to doctors, follow-up, telephone interviews and ques- tionnaire half a year later. Results： The activities of daily living and range of joint motion were significantly improved, and severity of scar hypertrophy and pain alleviated in treatment group as compared with control group after treatment for 4- 8 weeks （P〈0.01）. Conclusion： Early, systematic and all-around nursing interventions to patients with severe burn could speed up rehabilitation process, reduce the occurrence and the severity of the sequela of severe burn effectively, and improve the quality of life of the patients.