简易膀胱容量测定在脊髓损伤患者中的应用

The Application of Simple Bladder Capacity Measurement in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury

目的:探讨自制简易膀胱容量与压力测定(简称测定装置)在脊髓损伤(SCI)患者中的实际作用,为评价神经源性膀胱的护理、间隙性清洁导尿及膀胱训练效果提供依据。方法:30例SCI神经源性膀胱患者采用自制测定装置,根据测得的膀胱容量和残余尿量针对性指导间隙性清洁导尿的方法和进行膀胱功能训练。训练前后观察膀胱容量、残余尿量的变化及膀胱感染控制的效果。结果:30例患者中有大膀胱12例,小膀胱7例。经过1个月的膀胱功能训练,患者膀胱容量趋于正常(平均466.7ml);与治疗前比较,残余尿明显减少(P<0.05);尿常规转向正常。结论:自制简易测定装置可判断膀胱容量、压力、残余尿量;指导膀胱训练可减少膀胱感染的发生,改善患者对排尿的控制能力。

Objective： To discuss the clinical application of self made simple bladder capacity and pressure device in patients with spinal cord injury （SCI） in order to provide the evidence for the evaluation of the neurogenic bladder care, intermittent catheterization and bladder training. Methods： Thirty SCI patients with neurogenic bladder were measured by the self-made device, and instructed to do the intermittent catheterization and bladder training according to the measurements of bladder capacity and residual urine volume. The changes in bladder capacity, residual urine volume and control of bladder infection were observed before and after training. Results： There were 12 cases of big bladder and 7 cases of small bladder among 30 SCI patients. The bladder capacity of patients became normal （average 466.7 ml） after a month of blad- der function training. The residual urine volume was reduced significantly after the training as compared with that before the training （12.7 ml vs 195.20 ml,P〈0.05） and urine routine became normal. Conclusion： The bladder capacity and pressure could be measured by the self-made device, which could instruct the patients to do the bladder training, reduce the incidence of bladder infections and improve the control ability of patients to urination.