地下水流模型识别的分步解法

Decomposing method of groundwater flow model identification

地下水流模型识别问题是综合的水文地质分析与计算过程,但常常被片面理解为反求水文地质参数问题,这种片面的认识大大妨碍了对水文地质条件的认识及对水文地质过程的理解,并由此导致一些不应有的错误结论。简要论述了地下水流模型识别的概念及问题类型,利用模型分解的方法指出地下水流模型的识别可分2步完成:一是利用附加水头场(或附加降深场)求参数;二是利用初始水头场确定边界条件及源汇项。除参数外,源汇项、初始条件、边界条件也是地下水流模型识别的重要内容。

The identification of groundwater model is a comprehensive hydrogeologic analyzing and calculating process. However, it is often partially viewed as only a problem of parameter estimation. This point of view is very harmful for the understanding of hydogeologic process and often results in the failures of model operation. This paper briefly introduced the concept of the identification of groundwater model and the types of the problem. It further pointed out that the simulation of the initial flow field constitutes an important part of the identification of groundwater model. Apart from parameters, the source and sink terms, initial and boundary conditions should be taken part into the process of the identification of groundwater model. Using the superposition principle, the identification of groundwater model can be approached in two steps： First, the parameters are identified, and then, the other factors are identified. Besides the parameters the source and sink terms, initial conditions, boundary conditions are also important for identification of groundwater model.