贸易开放与TFP增长:技术溢出与国际竞争——基于中国制造行业的经验分析

Trade Openness and the Growth Rate of TFP:Technology Spillover and International Competition——An Empirical Study Based on the Data of Manufacturing Industries in China

利用中国制造行业的数据,分析了贸易开放影响TFP(全要素生产率)增长率的三种不同的渠道。研究结果表明,贸易开放对国内行业的R&D支出未能产生有效的激励效应,而贸易开放和R&D支出对TFP增长率都具有显著的正向促进作用;贸易开放对国内行业所形成的国际竞争没能对TFP增长率产生积极作用;技术溢出是贸易开放影响TFP增长的唯一渠道。

This paper analyzes three different ways in which openness can affect the growth rate of total factor productivity. The empirical results show that openness would not promote R＆D expenditure of domestic industries effectively; both openness and R＆D expenditure have positive affects on the growth rate of TFP. The competition increased by trade openness can not affect the TFP growth positively, so spillover effects of foreign technology is the only way by which trade openness can affect the growth rate of TFP.