激素替代疗法和负重健走对绝经妇女骨密度及血脂的影响

Effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy and Sport Walk with Weight on Serum Lipid and Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women

目的探讨雌激素、负重健走运动及两者的联合对绝经妇女血脂、骨代谢和骨密度的影响。方法52名绝经妇女分成激素替代疗法组（n=12）、负重健走组（n=14）、激素替代疗法＋负重健走组（n=12）和对照组（n=14）。激素替代疗法组服用复方尼尔雌醇片；负重健走组负5kg重量，以60％～80％最大耗氧量进行健走运动；激素替代疗法＋负重健走组同时接受前两组的干预。试验期为6个月，试验前后检测血脂、血碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、尿钙（Ca）和尿肌酐（Cr）的比值、L2～L4及左腿股骨头密度。结果试验结束后，3个试验组被试的血胆固醇（TC）、TC／高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）均低于试验前和对照组（P〈0．05）；负重健走组和激素替代疗法＋负重健走组的HDLC高于试验前水平和对照组（P〈0．05）；试验组血清ALP和空腹尿Ca／Cr均低于试验前（P〈0．05）及对照组（P〈0．01）；3个试验组L2～L4及左腿股骨头骨密度均高于对照组（P〈0．01）及试验前（P〈0．05）。结论激素替代疗法和负重健走运动均能有效改善绝经后妇女的血脂组成，并有效预防和逆转妇女绝经引发的骨质疏松症。

Objective To explore the effects of estrogen, sport walking with weight and estrogen plus sport walk on serum lipid, bone metabolism and bone mineral density （BMD） in postmenopausal women. Methods 52 postmenopausal women were divided into the hormone replacement therapy （HRT） group （n=12）, sport walking with weight group （Sp group, n=14）, HRT＋Sp group （n=12） and control group （n=14）. HRT group took compound nylestriol, Sp group took sport walking with 5 kg weight and exercise intensity was from 60% to 80% VO2max, HRT＋Sp group received two treatments as HRT group and Sp group. The experi mental duration consisted of six months. Results The total cholesterol （TC）, TC/high density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）, al-kaline phosphatase （APL） and urine calcium （Ca）/creatinine （Cr） were markedly lower in three experimental groups than the control group and before experiment （P〈0.05 orP 〈0.01）, HDL C in Sp and HRT＋Sp groups were markedly higher than the control group and before experiment （P〈0.05）, BMD of spine （L2 -L4） and left trochanter in three experimental groups were markedly higher than the control group （ P〈0.01） and before experiment （ P〈0.0）. Conclusion Both estrogen replacement therapy and sport walking with weight effectivelv improve serum linid. Prevent and reverse osteoporosis induced by menopause in women.