浏阳市农村社区老年人抑郁状况及其影响因素

Depression in Liuyang rural community-dwelling elderly ： prevalence and associated factors

目的探讨农村社区老年人的抑郁状况及其影响因素。方法按分层整群随机的方法在湖南省浏阳市农村社区进行抽样，对符合条件的老年人进行一般情况、老年抑郁量表、社会支持、日常生活能力和负性生活事件等内容的调查。结果有效样本412人，GDS的得分范围为0～30分，平均得分（12．6±7．7）分。按抑郁水平的划分标准，46．4％的老年人无抑郁，34．9％轻度抑郁，18．7％中重度抑郁。多因素Ordinal回归分析显示女性（OR=2．425）、自评经济状况差（OR=2．195）、自评健康状况差（OR=1．962）、在家庭中的地位低（OR=1．699）、获得的社会支持少（OR=2．790）、日常生活能力有障碍（OR=2．863）、经受的负性生活事件刺激量大（OR=3．370）是抑郁水平趋于严重的危险因素。结论农村社区老年人抑郁问题较为严重，应加强心理健康指导。

Objective To assess the depression of rural community-dwelling elderly and find out associated risk factors. Methods A randomized sample of 412 subjects aged 60 years or older was selected from three rural communities. Socio-demographic characteristics, Geriatric Depression Scale （GDS）, Social Support Rating Scale（ SSRS）, Activities of Daily Living（ADL） and Life Events Scale for the Elderly（LESE） were administered. Results The total score of GDS ranged from 0 to 30 with the mean score 12.6 ± 7.7. Using the cutoff 11 and 21 of GDS, 221 participants （53.6%） had suggestive depression, of which 144 had suggestive mild depression and 77 moderate to severe depression. Ordinal regression analysis revealed that female （ OR = 2. 425 ） , self-rated lower economic status （ OR = 2. 195 ）, self-rated lower health status （ OR = 1. 962）, self-rated lower status in the family （ OR = 1. 699） , getting few social support （ OR = 2. 790）, impaired activities of daily living （ OR = 2. 863 ） and bearing more stress from negative life events （ OR = 3. 370） were risk factors of aggravating depression level. Conclusion Depression in the rural community-dwelling elderly was quite severe. More attention should be paid to the issue of mental health in rural community-dwelling elderly.