一株高效生物表面活性剂产生菌的筛选鉴定及其性能研究

Isolation,identification and characterization of a highly efficient biosurfactant producing strain

从新疆克拉玛依油田受石油污染的土壤中筛选到一株高效生物表面活性剂产生菌，编号为XJ-T-1，经16S rDNA同源性分析和生理生化试验鉴定为产碱杆菌。该菌株具有很强的产表面活性剂能力，全培养液的排油圈直径能达到13．0cm，表面张力可降至30．0mN／m。投加10％（V／V）培养7d的XJ-T-1全培养液可使原油乳状液150min脱水率达到90％以上。XJ-T-1对原油具有高效降解作用，投加量为2％～5％（V/V），pH为中性或碱性，降解时间为7d时，XJ-T-1对7500mg／L高浓度含油废水的降解率可达80％以上。

A biosurfactant producing strain, named as XJ-T-1, was successfully isolated from the petroleum-contaminated soil of Karamay oilfield in Xinjiang. It was identified as Alcaligenes sp. through 16S rDNA sequence analysis and physiochemical characterization. The strain showed high biosurfactant-producing capability. In oil spreading test, the whole culture of this strain produced a clear zone with diameter of about 13.0cm. Moreover, the measured surface tension of the culture was 30.0mN/m. At 10 % （V/V） inoculation rate, the culture, after 7 days＇ cultivation, achieved dehydration efficiency of 90% plus in the petroleum emulsion within 150rain. In addition it was also found that XJ-T-1 had high capability of degrading petroleum. When inoculated in an emulsion （with 7500mg/L of petroleum） at volume rate from 2% to 5% and cultured under the neutral and weak alkaline condition for 7 days, XJ-T-1 showed petroleum removal rate of 80 % plus.