基于GPS及GIS技术的城市公共交通调度系统

Urban public transit dispatching system based on GPS and GIS technologies

基于GPS(全球定位系统)、GIS(地理信息系统)和GSM(移动通信系统)技术,对城市公共交通实时调度系统的工作原理、建构过程及各单元的功能实现途径进行了研究。利用Visual C++自带的MScom控件开发了GPS和GIS的软件接口,运用Visual C++编程对属性数据库进行管理,采用ArcInfo地理信息系统软件对空间数据库进行管理,使用Visual C++的OLE技术实现空间数据库和属性数据库的结合,最后实现公交车辆位置在电子地图上的实时显示,并进行了实际跑车试验。结果表明:实际跑车试验在经过定位数据与电子地图的简单匹配后,图上量测定位精度小于15m;现场监控与调度功能都比较满意。

The operational environment of urban public transit vehicle is a large and open dynamic system, whose road condition varies with time. Because of many random and uncertain factors available, static dispatching can＇t reflect dynamic features of public transit vehicle operation environment. Because GIS has the advantages of strong space query and space analysis, and GPS technology can local the public vehicle dynamically, the integration of these two technologies is able to reveal real-time information query and displaying of the vehicles transportation. Based on the GPS,GIS and GSM, this paper presents the work theory, building procedure of urban real-time dispatching system as well as the realization approach of every composition units, develops the interface between GPS and GIS using MScom in VisualC^-- ,combines the attributive data and spatial data using OLE technology of the VisualC^--, realizes the real time position displaying and effectively dispatching of the vehicle finally. The actual test after the simple match of positioning data with electronic maps proved that the location precision of mapping is less than 15m, the site monitoring and scheduling functions are quite satisfactory. 3 figs, 10 refs.