氧化苦参碱、槐定碱和苦参碱在离子交换色谱上的色谱行为研究

Study of Chromatographic Behavior of Oxymatrine,Sophoridine and Matrine by Ion Exchange Chromatography

采用离子交换色谱法，以氧化苦参碱、槐定碱、苦参碱3种生物碱为对象，研究了流动相pH、缓冲液浓度及三乙胺加入量等色谱条件对生物碱色谱行为的影响，并探讨了其作用机制。结果表明：流动相pH对生物碱的色谱保留行为影响显著，流动相pH接近生物碱pKa时，3种生物碱的保留值迅速降低，生物碱pKa值可用于指导流动相pH的选择；在缓冲液浓度为20～100mmol／L范围内，随着缓冲液浓度增加，生物碱的保留值逐渐减小、柱效有所增加；流动相中三乙胺的加入对生物碱的保留值、对称性及柱效均有一定影响，可达到掩蔽游离硅羟基的作用。将该方法用于苦参药材中3种生物碱的分离检测。

In this paper, the effects of pH, concentration of buffer and triethylamine in mobile phase on chromatographic behavior of oxymatrine, sophoridine and matrine were studied by using ion exchange chromatography and their mechanisms were discussed. The results showed that pH of the mobile phase had great effect on chromatographic behavior of alkaloid and pKa of alkaloid could be used to guide the choice of the pH of the mobile phase. When the pH of mobile phase closed to the pKa of alkaloids, the value of capacity factor of three kinds alkaloids were decreased rapidly. Within the range of 20 -100 mmol/L buffer concentration, the increase of buffer concentration would result in the decrease of the retention value and increase of the column efficiency. The results also showed that concentration of triethylamine in mobile phase had certain impact on the retention value, symmetry and column efficiency of alkaloids, that because the addition of triethylamine in mobile phase could masked free silicon-hydroxyl on the column. Under the appropriate conditions, the method was further used in the separation and determination of 3 alkaloids in radix sophorae flavescentis with satisfactory results.