聚丙烯酸高吸水性聚合物的制备与性能

Preparation and performance of polyacrylic super-absorbent polymer

利用水溶液聚合法制备微孔状聚丙烯酸高吸水性聚合物,通过傅立叶变换红外分析(FTIR)和扫描电镜(SEM)表征其结构特征.研究引发剂质量分数、交联剂质量分数、单体中和度、反应温度以及反应时间对所制备吸水聚合物的吸水倍率的影响规律.结果表明,在引发剂质量分数为0.5%、交联剂质量分数为0.05%、单体中和度为80%和反应温度为60℃的条件下,仅用1 h即可成功制得微孔状聚丙烯酸高吸水性材料,其吸附蒸馏水倍率和吸附生理盐水倍率(质量分数0.9%)分别为468 mL/g和60 mL/g.

A microporous polyacrylic super-absorbent polymer was prepared with aqueous solution poly- merization method. Its structural feature was characterized with Fourier transformed infra-red analysis （FTIR） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The influences of reaction conditions such as initiator content, crosslinker content, neutralization degree, reaction temperature and reaction time on the waterabsorbing capacity of the prepared polymer was investigated. It was shown by the experimental results that, when the initiator content was 0. 5%, the crosslinker content was 0. 05%, the neutralization degree was 80%, and reaction temperature was 60℃, the micro-porous super-water-absorbent of polyacrylic pol- ymer was successfully prepared after only one hour. And its water-absorbing capacity could reach 468 mL/g in distilled water and 60 mL/g in 0. 9% NaCl solution, respectively.