油酰柠檬酸三丁酯增塑剂的合成与应用

Synthesis and application of plasticizer tributyl oleoylcitrate

采用柠檬酸与正丁醇在催化剂作用下完全酯化生成柠檬酸三丁酯,以油酸与三氯化磷通过酰化反应合成油酰氯,以柠檬酸三丁酯与油酰氯通过酰基化反应合成油酰柠檬酸三丁酯(OTBC).研究油酰柠檬酸三丁酯的合成工艺条件,探讨油酰柠檬酸三丁酯的增塑效果.研究表明:柠檬酸三丁酯与油酰氯的物质的量比为1∶1时酰化率可达到92%;合成的油酰柠檬酸三丁酯分子量为625、脂肪碳与极性基团的比值为8(与DOP相同)、密度为0.946g/mL、沸点为256℃、折光率为1.454 8;OTBC在高氯化聚乙烯树脂(HCPE)相容性良好,对高脆性HCPE的增塑效率优于DOP,OTBC增塑的HCPE材料低温塑韧性优于DOP,OTBC增塑的HCPE涂膜耐水、耐皂水萃取率低于DOP,OTBC在HCPE材料中的稳定性高于DOP.

Tributyl citrate was synthesized from citric acid and n-butyl alcohol through esterification reaction, with catalyzer; oleoyl chloride was synthesizded from oleic acid and phosphorous trichloride through acylation reaction; and tributyl oleoylcitrate was synthesized from tributyl citrate and oleoyl chloride through acylation reaction. The synthesis qualifications of tributyl oleoylcitrate were studied. The effect of plasticization of tributyl oleoylcitrate was discussed. It was shown by the investigation that when the amount of substance ratio of tributyl oleoylcitrate to the oleoyl chloride was 1 ： 1, the esterification rate would be 92%, molecular weight of tributyl oleoylcitrate- 625, ratio of fat-carbon to polar group -- 8 （coming up to DOP）, its density -- 0. 946 g/mL, the boiling point -- 256℃, and refractive index -- 1.454 8. There was a good compatibility of OTBC with high-chlorinated polyethylene resin （HCPE） and the plasticization effect of high brittle HCPE was superior to that of DOP. The plasticized HCPE with OT- BC exhibited low temperature toughness than with DOP. The plasticized HCPE with OTI3C would become a waterproof coating, but the extraction rate of soap-proof water was less than that of with DOP stability of OTBC in HCPE was higher than in DOP.