对黄河滩区生产堤的思考

Reflections on the Production Dykes in Yellow River Flood Plain Areas

黄河下游滩区生产堤对防洪造成了一定影响。留存还是废除,再一次成为黄河下游防洪与减灾决策的焦点。很多专家、学者及政府领导对生产堤问题提出了许多不同的观点:一是废除生产堤;二是对生产堤维持现状;三是按一定标准对现有生产堤加高、加固或对生产堤进行统一规划、重新建设等。通过分析生产堤的存在对滩区群众生产和生活、河道泥沙输移、河床演变、洪水演进与预测、堤防与河道整治工程的影响等,进而综合分析生产堤存在的利弊,并给出了处理生产堤的途径,即全面、彻底废除生产堤加滩区淹没补偿方式,在中水河槽塑造出来且政策补偿得以兑现后,生产堤必须全部废除。

The production dykes in the lower Yellow River flood plain areas have some impact on flood control, reservation or abolition. They have become a flood control and decision-making focus again. Many experts, scholars and government leaders expressed different opinions about them. First, they should be abolished; Second, they should be retained; Third, according to certain standards, they should be heightened, reinforced or rebuilt. By studying the influence of production dykes on the production and living of the people living in the flood plain areas, sediment transportation, river bed evolution, flood evolving forecasting, dikes and river training projects, advantages and disadvantages of the production dykes are analyzed and some advice on how to deal with the production dykes as well as how to compensate the beach area submergence is given,. When the compensating policy is carried out, the production dykes must be completely abolished.