沈阳地区变态反应性皮肤病患者血清总IgE及变应原特异性IgE水平研究

Serum Total IgE and Serum Specific Allergen IgE in Patients With Allergic Dermatosis in Shenyang

目的了解沈阳地区变态反应性皮肤病患者血清总IgE及变应原特异性IgE水平的变化。方法采用免疫印迹法(immunoblot assay)对270例变态反应性皮肤病患者血清总IgE及变应原特异性IgE水平进行检测。结果60.0%患者血清总IgE水平增高,荨麻疹、慢性湿疹、过敏性紫癜分别为69.7%、53.6%和29.0%,74.8%患者变应原特异性IgE阳性,荨麻疹、慢性湿疹、过敏性紫癜分为81.9%、77.4%和32.3%。变应原特异性IgE吸入组以户尘螨/粉尘螨阳性率最高,其后依次是树木、猫/狗毛皮屑、霉菌;食物组以牛奶为最高,其后依次是牛羊肉,海鲜和蛋类。荨麻疹及过敏性紫癜以户尘螨/粉尘螨阳性率为最高,慢性湿疹以牛奶阳性率最高。变应原特异性IgE阳性率高于总IgE阳性率(χ2=5.13,P<0.05)。结论同时检测血清总IgE及变应原特异性IgE,能明确变应原及机体免疫状态,为治疗提供依据。

Objective To investigate the serum total immunoglobulin E and specific allergen serum IgE levels in patients with allergic dermatosis in Shenyang. Methods Immunoblot assay method was used to detect the specific allergen IgE and total serum IgE level. Results For 60. 0% allergic dermatosis patients, 69.7% urticaria patients, 53.6% chronic eczema and 29.0% allergic purpura patients, the serum total IgE level was increased. The positive rate of serum specific allergen IgE was 74. 8% , for urticaria, chronic eczema and allergic purpura, the positive rates were 81.9% , 77.4 % and 32.3% respectively. The Dermatophagoides Pteronyssinus/farinae was the most common allergen in inhalation group in patients with allergic dermatosis, and tree mixture was the next, then cat/dog, then the mould mixtrue. In food group, the most common allergen was milk, then the beef/mutton, fish/shrimp/crab and eggs. Derma. pteronyssinus/farinae was the most common specific allergens in urticaria and allergic purpura patients. Milk was the most common allergen in chronic eczema patients. The positive rate of specific allergen IgE was higher than that of total serum immunoglobulin E （ X^2 = 5.13, P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion To detect specific allergen IgE and total serum IgE level at the same time can help us to find relevant allergen and to confirm allergic constitution of patients, and provide foundation of the prevention and treatment of allergic dermatosis.