“毕兹卡”考释

Examining and Interpreting "Bizika"

"毕兹卡"是土家语对土家族的自称,"毕兹卡"的具体翻译成汉语是什么意思?最传统的说法是"毕兹卡"是"本地人"的意思。但从语言学的角度来考察,土家语"毕兹卡"与汉语"本地人"没有对译关系,也就是说,土家语"毕兹卡"中没有汉语"本地人"对应词来对译。从语言学、民俗学和历史学的角度看"毕兹卡"是"男人哭嫁的民族"的意思。

＂Bizika＂ is the Tujia dialect terms used to refer to Tujia nationality. What does it mean if translated into Chinese？ The traditional view is that ＂Bizika＂ means ＂native people＂ in Tujia dialect. But inspecting from the angle of linguistics, the Tujia dialect words ＂Bizika＂ has no equivalent relation with Chinese ＂native people＂, in other words, the Tuchia nationality language ＂Bizika＂ does not have the corresponding Chinese ＂native people＂ to translate. From the angle of linguistics, ethnology and history, this article has conducted an analysis research to the Tujia nationality language, obtaining the conclusion that ＂Bizika＂ is ＂the nationality in which the man cries to marry＂ in Tujia dialect.