中国环境公益诉讼条款的立法意图——兼论人民法院在环境公益诉讼中的角色和权限

Legislative Intention of Public Interest Environmental Litigation Provision in China——The Role and Competence of People's Court

从对1970年美国公民诉讼立法辩论和当下中国环境公益诉讼立法争论的比较中可以看出,当前紧迫的任务之一是确立某部环境单行法上环境公益诉讼条款的具体立法意图。环境公益诉讼旨在减少对环境本身的损害,而不是赔偿对受害者的人身损害和财产损害。环境公益诉讼的第一审审判机关应为高级人民法院,人民法院在环境公益诉讼中既要拓展严格审查的角色,又要恪守职能限制。

USA congress debate on citizen suit in 1970 and Chinese present discussion about public interest environmental litigation are compared in the article. Now one of urgent tasks is to discover specific legislative intention for the provision of public interest environmental litigation in specific environmental law. Public interest environmental litigation aims at reducing the damage to the environment,not compensating the damage to personality and property. First trial for public interest environmental litigation should be at the level of High People＇ s Court. People＇ s court should both play the role of judicial review, and obey the competence of People＇s court.