农民教育现状与农民受教育意愿分析——基于江苏苏南、苏中、苏北农民(户)896个农民(户)的调查

Current Situation of Farmers' Education and the Analysis of Willingness of Farmers to Education——Investigation based on 896 farmers in South,Central and North Jiangsu

受比较利益的影响,江苏农业劳动力以初中(含初中)以下文化程度的农民为主。工业化、城市(镇)化过程中农民就业结构的变化,既有利于农民收入的增长,也因农业劳动力的素质偏低,影响农业组织化发展和农民农业收入的增加。政府主导的农民培训,以专题和实用性技术技能培训为主要内容,时间短,适用性强,深受农民欢迎。除了种养殖技术外,农民还期望得到非农技术技能、经营管理和政策法规等方面的培训,但政府公共资源的有限性决定了农民能够接受培训的机会不是很多。根据不同地区资源禀赋和经济结构的特点,有针对性地设计满足农民需求的培训内容,选择好培训时间和培训形式,建立以政府为主,社会机构和企业参与的投入机制,是提高江苏农民培训效果的关键所在。

Because of the influence of comparative benefit, most agricultural labor force in Jiangsu received educa- tion lower than junior middle school （including junior middle school）. In the process of industrialization and urbanization, the structure of farmer employment has changed, which will help increase the income of farmers but also will influence the development of agricultural organizations and agricultural income increase because of the quality of the agricultural labor force. Government-led training of farmers is popular due to thematic and practical skill training, the short time and the applicability. In addition to planting and breeding technology, the farmers also expect to obtain training in non-agriculture technical skills, management, policies and regulations, etc. The limit of government public resource prevents farmers from more opportunities to receive training. The key to improve the training effect of farmers in Jiangsu is to meet the demands of farmers, select proper time and mode for training, establish mechanism led by government and partieipated by social institution and enterprises according to different local resources and characteristics of the economic strneture.