基于GIS危险化学品泄漏扩散事故处置系统研究与实现

Research and implementation of treatment system for leakage and diffusion of hazardous material based on GIS

为提高突发危险化学品泄漏事故的应急处置能力,研制开发了基于GIS危险化学品泄漏事故处置系统。系统首先针对应急处置实时性强要求,根据事故泄漏基本情况,借鉴国外的ERG2000初始隔离距离标准,快速在电子地图上画出紧急隔离区域和防护区域,报告泄漏物质的危险特性和基本防护措施。接着,采用常用高斯模型,结合变化的气象条件和环境因素,对气体泄漏扩散进行预测分析,将扩散区域和浓度分布情况在地图上直观地显示出来,并自动查询受影响的单位、人口和重要设施,及时修正处置方案。系统实现了扩散范围预测、影响区域地理信息查询、处置方案等功能的有机集成,为事故的救援工作提供技术支持。

To improve the treatment ability of hazardous material leakage and diffusion accident, the management system of dealing with the accident based on GIS was developed. At first, aiming at the request of the emergency dealing with real-timimg, the initial isolation at distance standard of ERG2000 was taken for reference, to divide crucial isolation and protecting area on electron map. At the same time the leakage matter report and protect measure was given out. Then the common Gauss model was used in simulation to forecast diffusion trend based on changed condition and environmental factor. On the map, the affected enterprises and population and important facilities were shown. And the treatment scheme was changed according to fundamental accident leakage condition. System has realized the base integration function such as the forecasting influenced range, inquiring about affected area geographical feature information, dealing with a scheme on diffusion accident. And the system has provided a technical support for emergency management.