天然水杉林的群落分类及演替动态

Community Classification and Dynamics Succession of Natural Forest of Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu et Cheng

水杉为我国一级保护的珍贵树种,具有重要的科研价值和应用价值。由于人类过度开发,天然水杉林生境退化严重,自然更新不良。笔者应用Braun-Blanquet的植被社会学研究方法对湖北利川钢厂湾、邓家湾、游家湾3处的天然水杉林进行群落学调查,结果表明:钢厂湾的水杉样地群落类型为水杉-尾叶山茶-日本金星蕨群落,共有植物种类约78种;邓家湾的水杉样地群落类型为水杉-桂竹-黄金凤群落,共有植物种类约81种;游家湾的水杉样地群落类型为水杉-微毛柃-大叶金腰群落,共有植物种类约58种。经过20a的演替,天然水杉林各层的盖度都逐渐增加。在种类组成上,乔木层阳性树种减少,灌木层和草本层种类组成变化不大。

Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu et Cheng is the national first class protective plant in our country, it has important valuable in science research and application, due to human＇s excessive exploitation, the habitat of nature M. glyptostroboides Hu et Cheng forest degenerates seriously, nature regeneration is not good. The authors apply Braun-Blanquet method to investigate Hubei, Lichuan Gangchangwan, Dengjiawan, Youjiawan＇s nature M. glyptostroboides forest. The results indicate that the community type of plot in Gangehangwan is M. glyptostroboides Hu et Cheng- Camellia caudata - Thelypteris japonica, the total kinds of plant are 78; the community type of plot in Dengjiawan is M. glyptostroboides Hu et Cheng-phillostachys bambusoi des Sieb. et Zucc. - Impatiens siculifer Hook. f., the total kinds of plant are 81; the community type of plot in Youjiawan is M. glyptostroboides Hu wt Cheng - Eurya hebeclados L. K. Ling- Chrysosplenium macrophyllum Oliv., the total kinds of plant are 58. By the 20 years＇ succession, each level of the nature M. glyptostroboides Hu et Cheng forest＇s coverage gradually increase. In species composition, tree layer, shrub layer and herb layer did not have distinct change.