一种新型高效率微阀的设计与实验研究

Design and Experimental Study of a New High-efficient Micro Valve

提出三肋式微型气动阀这一可用于流场主动控制领域的新型微阀，通过增大妙正向气流的损失系数比来大幅提高效率。阐述了气动阀的设计原理，对其效率高的原因进行了解释；对三肋式气动阀的流场进行数值模拟以验证设计原理，并对三角阀、气动阀的流量与效率进行计算与分析。结果表明：三肋式气动阀的效率提高到三角阀的4倍。加工了3种微阀实验件，在不可压与可压两种状态下分别进行对比实验。结果表明：在不可压状态下，三角阀的效率为3％-4％，三肋式气动阀为17％-18％；在可压状态下，三角阀的效率接近2％，三肋式气动阀约为16％。

To improve the efficiency of micro triangular valves used in valveless microjets, we present a three-riblet micro aerodynamic valve which can be used in active flow control. Its efficiency is remarkably increased by impro- ving the loss coefficient ratio of negative flow to positive flow. Firstly, the design principle of the three-riblet aero- dynamic valve was given and the reason of its high efficiency was explained. Secondly, flow field of the three-riblet aerodynamic valve was studied by means of numerical simulation, and then mass flow rates and efficiencies of the triangular valve, two-riblet and three-riblet aerodynamic valves were calculated and analyzed. Results show that the efficiency of the three-riblet aerodynamic valve is increased to four times as that of the triangular valve. Finally, three kinds of valve samples were fabricated by Wire-Electron Discharge Machining and Electron Discharge Machi- ning, and experimental studies were carried out under incompressible and compressible conditions. Under incom- pressible condition, the efficiency of the triangular valve is 3% ~4%, and that of the three-riblet aerodynamic valve is 17% - 18% ; Under compressible condition, the efficiency of the triangular valve is around 2%, and that of the three-riblet aerodynamic valve is about 16%.