汉语中无定主语的允准条件

Licensing Conditions of Indefinite Subjects in Mandarin Chinese

无定主语的允准跟是否有成分满足话题需求有关。阶段层面谓词句可通过时空论元作阶段话题以满足话题的要求,所以可允准无定主语的存在;而个体层面谓词句没有时空论元,不能满足话题要求,所以不能允准无定主语的存在。对于将主语与话题等同的母语说话者来说,为阻止非类指的无定主语向话题位置移位,一般要求显性阶段话题与"有"的存在。

The licensing of an indefinite subject is relative to the requirement of the topic.The sentence with a stage-level predicate can licance an indefinte subject throuht its stage topic to satisfy the requirement of the topic,but the one with a individual-level predicte can＇t ,for it does not have a spatio-temporal argument to act as topic.For some native speakers identifying topic with subject,in order to prevent the non-generic indefinte subject move to the Spec of Top,YOU or an explicite stage topic is required generally.