红掌愈伤组织和再生团块发育过程中糖和蛋白质的组织化学研究

Histochemistry Study on Callus of Leaf and Reproduction Block Mass of Aerial Root in Anthurium andraeanum

以红掌叶片诱导出的4类愈伤组织和气生根根段诱导的再生团块为试材,研究糖和蛋白质在愈伤组织衰老与再生团块发生发育过程中的变化。经石蜡切片PAS和汞溴酚蓝组织化学染色观察发现,糖主要以颗粒状存在于愈伤组织细胞中并有明显围绕核的现象,蛋白质主要集中于细胞核及其周围。糖和蛋白质含量在黄绿色愈伤组织中有明显的从外向内减少的梯度变化,在深绿色愈伤组织中的梯度不太明显。糖在金黄色愈伤组织中含量很低,没有梯度变化;在褐色愈伤组织中散乱分布。蛋白质含量在金黄色愈伤组织中由外层细胞向内层细胞有一定的梯度变化,但不明显;在褐色愈伤组织中没有梯度变化。刚形成的再生团块糖和蛋白质含量,在由外向内的细胞中有明显的梯度变化,而在再生团块膨大生长过程中含量少,没有梯度变化。分化期再生团块中的糖主要集中在分裂旺盛的分生细胞团和维管组织周围,蛋白质则集中于分生细胞团的细胞中。在各类愈伤组织和再生团块中均出现各种特化细胞。糖含量及其梯度变化是愈伤组织和再生团块分化的重要内在条件,蛋白质含量以及核形态是否完整是愈伤组织和再生团块分化的关键。

Four kinds of callus from leaf and reproduction block mass （RBM） of aerial root in Anthurium andraeanum ＇Arizona＇ were studied by slicing up and histochemistry coloration. The results showed that the saccharide was mainly grain-like in the callus and RBM. Protein was mainly in or around the nuclei. Saccharide was obviously surrounding the nuclei. In kelly callus from the outer layer of cells to the inner layer of cells saccharide and protein decreased as a visible grads, and in dark green callus the grads was unconspicuous. The saccharidein in the golden callus was very little without a grads. The saccharide distributed disperedly in the brown callus. There was a unconspicuous protein grads from the outer layer of cells to the inner layer of cells in the gold callus. However, there wasn＇t protein grads in the brown callus. There was also a visible grads of saccharide and protein when the RBM occurred, in the expending period of RBM there was not the grad. In the diffeneration stage of RBM the saccharide surrounded the dense small cell groups and the primary vascular tissue. The protein mainly concentrated in the nuclei of the cell groups. There were special cells in all classes of callus and RBM. The content and the grads of the saccharide was the important immanent condition for the diffenertiation of callus and RBM. The content of the protein and the integrality of the nuclei was very important for the diffenertiation of callus and RBM.