猬实种子休眠特性研究

Seed Dormancy Characteristics of Kolkwitzia amabilis Graebn

以国家三级保护植物猬实果实为试验材料,应用扫描电镜和石蜡切片进行形态解剖观察,通过吸胀和果皮胚乳抑制物测试等方法探讨了休眠原因,并采用硫酸、赤霉素处理及低温层积处理进行了打破休眠的试验。结果表明:(1)猬实具有坚硬厚实的果皮,机械束缚是休眠的主要原因;(2)胚乳中含有萌发抑制物质,沙藏或赤霉素处理可有效解除其生理休眠;(3)打破猬实休眠的最佳方法为:浓硫酸处理15min,并用400mg·L-1赤霉素处理,或仅用4℃沙藏30d。

Kolkwitzia amabilis Graebn, an endangered plant endemic to China, is listed in China Rare and Endangered Plant List. We studied morphology characters of seeds by scanning electron microscope and paraffin slice, measured seeds absorbing water, detected biotic of methanol extract of pericarp and endosperm, analysied the effect of sulphuric acid, GA3 and cold stratification treatment on breaking seed dormancy. The result showed ： （ 1 ） The hard pericarp is the main reason for Kolkwitzia amabilis mechanical dormancy. （2） Germination inhibitor exist in endosperm may the cause of physiology dormancy, stratification or GA3 treatment can break the seed dormancy effectively. （3） The best way to break seed dormancy is that treating the seed with sulphuric acid for fifteen minutes, then soaking in 400 mg · L^-2 GA3 solution; or just stratificating in 4 ℃ about 30 days.