新疆艾比湖流域植物区系研究

Study on the Flora of Ebinur Lake Valley

艾比湖流域目前生态环境问题很严重,突出表现在:盐尘暴天气增多、艾比湖湖面缩小、沙漠化、生物多样性降低、水资源利用不合理、水体污染等。这些对天山北坡经济带会产生威胁,所以对艾比湖流域进行生物多样性研究有重大意义,是非常必需的。对此我们在艾比湖流域进行野外调查,并整理和鉴定植物标本,艾比湖流域共有高等植物1178种,隶属79科440属,其中蕨类植物7科,9属,15种,裸子植物3科,4属,7种,被子植物69科,427属,1156种,其中有2个特有种:艾比湖桦(Betula ebinuricum),艾比湖沙拐枣(Calligonum ebi-nuricumIvanova)。对艾比湖流域的植被进行了地理区系成分分析,结果表明:艾比湖流域治污区系成分复杂,分属于20个类型,以中亚成分、欧亚成分和北温带成分占优势,表明新疆种子植物区系特征与本地区所处的气候带、地理位置及其地史变迁是一致的。这可为艾比湖流域生物多样性研究、生物资源的合理开发和流域生态环境治理提供参考依据。

Based on field investigation and historical reference , there are 1178 species of seed plants, belonging to 79 families and 440 genera, among which gymnosperms have7 families, 9 genera and 15 species , and angiosperms have 4 families ,7 genera and 69 species. The floristic element s of familiesare composed of 12 types of Chinese seed plants. There have two endemic species： Betula ebinuricum and Calligonum ebi -nuricum . Analysis of the seed plant genera shows that the flora has a diverse geographical element, the seed plants belong to 20 areal types and are dominated by the Eurasia, North temperate, Central Asian elements. This phenomenon is the result of the broad latitudes, diversified habitats and change of geological history.