赤峰市生态系统服务价值变化研究

Effects of Land Use Change on Ecosystem Service Values of Chifeng City

研究土地利用格局变化引起的区域生态系统服务价值的改变，可定量评价土地利用活动对区域生态环境的影响。基于1995、2000、2003年的土地利用数据，应用谢高地等人制定的中国陆地生态系统单位面积服务价值表，估算了地处农牧交错区的赤峰市土地利用格局变化引起的生态系统服务价值的改变。结果表明：1995～2000年间，赤峰市耕地增加5．04％，林地减少2．44％，草地减少1．32％，水域减少0．74％，城乡工矿及未利用地减少0．74％；其生态系统服务价值由782．88亿元减至778．49亿元，净减少值为4．39亿元，减幅为0．56％；2000～2003年间，赤峰市土地利用类型动态度变化为耕地-17．71，林地31．56，草地2．95，水域-27．71，城乡及未利用地3．29，其生态价值由778．49亿元增至849．75亿元。表明前5年间毁林垦草播耕等不合理土地利用现象仍存在，至使生态系统服务功能下降；后3年土地利用格局的合理化，大面积的退耕还林，植树造林是生态服务价值增加的主要原因。

To study the changes of land use on ecosystem service values can assess quantitatively the effects of land use activity on the regional eco- environment. Based on the land use data of 1995,2000 and 2003 ,and referring to the table of Chinese land ecosystem service value of unit area which was established by Xie Gao - di etc. , the effects of land use change on ecosystem service value of Chifeng City were estimated. The result indicated that from 1995 to 2000, the area of farmland increased by 5.04%, the area of forestland, grassland and water bodies separate decreased by 2.44%, 1.32% ,and 0.74% respectively. Additionally, the land of rural- urban and industrial mining reduced by 0.74%. The total ecosystem service value in Chifeng City decreased from 782.88×10^8 yuan to 778.49 ×10^8 yuan in period of 1995 -2000, there was a 0.56% net decrement of 4.39×10^8 yuan. From 2000 to 2003, the area of farmland and water bodies decreased by 17.71% and 27.71%. The area of forestland, grassland, and rural -urban increased separately 31.56% ,2.95% ,and 3.29%. The ecosystem value increased 71.25 ×10^8 yuan. The phenomena indicated that during the former 5 years illogical land using, such as forests broken and grass broken, was still there which made the ecosystem function decreasing. The rational land using structure, returning the forests from the farmland, and planting trees were the main reason for the eco-system service value increasing.