冠心病的社会心理因素分析

Analysis of psychosocial factors in patients with coronary heart disease

目的:研究冠心病患者社会心理因素的特点及影响因素。方法:运用生活事件量表(LES)、A型行为量表(TABPSQ)、多伦多述情障碍量表(TAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、应付方式问卷(CS)、社会支持问卷(SSS),测定48例冠心病患者(患者组)病前遭遇的生活事件、人格特征、应付方式、社会支持、患病后的心身健康状况及其影响因素,以50名正常健康者为对照。结果:患者组本次患病前经历的生活事件频数及紧张值:TABPSQ评分,消极应付方式评分:抑郁及焦虑分值均显著高于对照组(P均<0.05)。CS的积极应付评分,社会支持总分减低(P<0.05)。家族史、生活事件紧张总值、A型行为和抑郁为冠心病的危险因素,积极应付方式和社会支持为疾病的保护因子。结论:冠心病患者有特殊的心理社会特征和心身健康状况,应采取积极的社会心理干预措施。

Objective： To investigate the features and psychoscial factors in the patients with coronary heart disease. Methods ：48 patients with coronary and 50 normal controls were enrolled. Life events scales （ LES）, type A behavior pattern questionnaire （ TABPQ ）, Toronto alexithymia scale （ TAS ）, self-rating depression scale （SDS） ,self-rating anxiety ,scale （SAS） , coping style questionnaire（CS） , social support scale（SSS） were performed to test their life events, personality characteristics, coping style and social support before disease, and test physical and psychological status and their influencing factors. Results：The frequency and stress of negative life events were significantly higher in patients than in controls. The scores of TABPQ, TAS, negative coping style of CS, SDS and SAS were also significantly higher in patients （ all P 〈 0.05 ）. But the scores of positive coping style of CS and SSS were lower in patients than in controls （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The family history, negative life events, type ＂A＂ behavior and depression were the risk factors for the patients with coronary heart disease ,whereas the positive coping style and social supports were the protective factors. Conclusion： Patients with coronary heart disease have special social psychology characteristics and physical and mental health status. Positive psyehosocial interventions should be taken.