黑龙江省春小麦品种遗传多样性的SSR分析

ASSESSMENT OF GENETIC DIVERSITY IN HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE WHEAT VARIETIES USING SSR MARKERS

本研究利用微卫星标记（SSR）技术对黑龙江省小麦品种的遗传多样性进行了分析。12对具有多态性的SSR引物在114份小麦品种中共检测到46个等位位点，每对引物检测到的等位位点数为3～8个，平均为3．8个，平均遗传距离为0．7331。不同育种单位的小麦平均遗传距离有较大差异，最大差距为1．30倍。在对不同年代小麦品种的遗传距离分析时发现，随年代的增加，遗传距离逐渐减小，且衰减速度呈加快趋势。聚类分析将114个春小麦品种大致分为3个类群，9个亚类群，较好地反映了品种之间的亲缘关系。

114 wheat varieties in Heilongjiang province were analyzed with a set of 12 microsatellite markers, 46 allelic variants were detected, the total number of alleles ranged from 3 - 8 with an average of 3.8 alleles per locus. The average of genetic distance（GD） is 0.7331. The average GD of the wheat varieties breeding by different institutes are different and ranged from 0.5713 to 0.7447. The planting year of the cuhivars were also considered,the average GD of the wheats were decreased with the planting time. Clustering analysis on Nei＇s distance divided 114 wheat varieties into 3 groups and 9 sub-groups, which revealed the relationship of Heilongjiang wheat varietids.