基于高等教育服务消费者视角的大学生权利

Rights for College Students from the Perspective of the Consumers of Higher Educational Service

高等教育服务是高等学校的基本产出,大学生是高等教育服务的消费者。基于这种消费者身份,源自对高等教育服务消费自由、正义与效率的追求,大学生应该享有知情权、选择权、参与管理权、消费条件权、损害求偿权、公平消费权、维护尊严权、消费教育权、维权结社权等消费权利。这些权利的实现需要进行权利的合法设定,保障客观物质条件,发挥社会中介组织作用,建立高等教育问责制度,增强消费者自己的权利意识和维权能力。在消费者权利受到侵犯时,可以通过与学校协商、向学校申诉、向教育行政主管部门申诉、申请行政复议、调解、仲裁、司法审查、舆论监督等途径寻求救济。

Higher educational service is a basic product of higher educational institutions. College students are the consumers of higher educational service. On the basis of pursuing free, just and efficient consumption of higher educational service, college students are supposed to have some consuming rights, which includes the right to know, the right to choose, the right to participate in management, the right of consuming condition, the right of damage compensation, the right of fair consumption, the right of defending dignity, the right of consuming instruction and the right of associatioff. In order to ensure the rights are put into execution, we should give a definition to the right, guarantee objective material condition, take advantage of the social intermediary agents, establish higher education accountability system and restrict the consumers＇ consciousness for right and ability of vindicating. When rights for consumers are violated, we can seek remedy through some ways, in- cluding negotiating with the higher institutions, appealing to the higher institutions or the administrative department in charge of education, and administration review, mediation, arbitration, judicial review and supervision by news media.