晚清史学批评的阶段和成就

The Stages and Achievements of Historian's Criticism in the Late Qing Dynasty

晚清史学批评随着时代潮流的急剧变革发生了空前的变化。在新史学思潮出现之前,史学批评沿着传统史学批评的路径发展,其主要的史学批评视阈集中在传统史书体裁体例的批评,对重点的史学家和史学著作进行批评;新史学思潮兴起后,史学批评更加尖锐和激烈,涉及历史观、史学思想、史学体系等一系列根本性的问题,有力地促进了史学认识的深化。晚清史学批评上述两个阶段的分野,其肇因来源于晚清"西学东渐"的推动和社会思潮的急剧变动,其后果则推动了传统史学向近代史学的转变,但由于资产阶级史学家急于建立近代史学的范型,在对传统史学批评"度"的掌握上存在可资商榷之处。

As the trend of drastic changes, unprecedented change took place in historical criticism in the late Qing Dynasty. The main criticism of historians focused on the traditional style of the books, key historians and history books previously. As the appearance of the new historical trend of thought, historical criticism became more sharp and intense, dealing with view points of history, historic thought and historic system, which deepened the recognition of history. The criticism in the late Qing Dynasty, based on the social change and the popularity of ＂Western Learning＂, attacked the two divisions that brought about the transform from traditional criticism to modern criticism. As the capitalist historians were eager to establish the pattern of modern criticism, it is still open to discuss the ＂degree＂ in criticism of traditional history.