不同磷源对石灰性土壤各形态无机磷转化、加工番茄磷素吸收及品质的影响

Influence of Different Phosphorus Sources on Inorganic Phosphorus Transformation and Phosphorus Absorption and Fruit Qualities of Processing Tomato in Calcareous Soil

在盆栽模拟条件下采用连续浸提的方法,研究了液体磷肥和固体颗粒磷肥及其不同施用方法对石灰性土壤各形态无机磷含量动态变化的影响,并通过加工番茄磷素营养效应对不同磷源进行了肥效验证。结果表明,液体磷肥追施可以保持土壤中较高的Ca2-P和Ca8-P含量(P=0.05),显著降低了磷肥向Al-P和Ca10-P的固定(P=0.05),从而提高了土壤磷素的有效性。液肥追施处理的加工番茄生物量、吸磷量分别比固体肥料的高17.4%和64.4%,液肥追施处理的番茄红素、可溶性固形物、可溶性糖含量等品质指标比固体颗粒磷肥基施处理分别提高29.1%、22.2%和8.3%(P=0.05)。通过液肥追施可减少磷的固定,显著提高加工番茄的生物量、磷素营养和加工番茄品质。因此,在石灰性土壤条件下酸性液体磷肥随水施用比固体传统的固体颗粒磷肥基施具有明显的优势,是一种非常有应用前景的磷肥品种。

A pot experiment was carded out to investigate the influence of different phosphorus sources on soil inorganic phosphorus transformation and phosphorus nutrition and fruit qualities of processing tomato in calcareous soil. Results showed that soil Ca2 - P and Ca8 - P content was enhanced significantly （ P = 0.05） under the treatment of liquid phosphorus fertilizer topdressing application, whereas decreased the amount of soil available P to fix unavailable rotors of P including soil Al - P and Ca10 - P, therefore substantially improved phosphorus bio- availability in calcareous soil. Compared with granular phosphorus fertilizer base application, the biomass and amount of P uptake of processing tomato increased by 17.4% and 64.4%, respectively. Furthermore, higher tomato fruit quality can be obtained through acidic phosphorus fertilizer application, namely, the content of lycopene, soluble solid, soluble sugars increased by 29.1%, 22.2% and 8.3% （ P = 0.05）, respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that acidic liquid phosphorus fertilizer has obvious advantages over granular phosphorus fertilizer in calcareous soil under drip irrigation condition.