福清与永泰农村中小学生的营养状况及影响因素调查

Survey on Nutritional Status and Related Factors of Rural Primary-Middle School Students in Fuqing and Yongtai

[目的]为了解和比较福清与永泰农村中小学生的营养状况及影响因素。[方法]用整群抽样方法,抽取两地部分乡镇的中小学生,测量身高、体重,并对其基本情况及饮食行为进行问卷调查。[结果]福清、永泰农村中小学生的营养不良和低体重比例均较高,福清中小学生的营养不良和低体重比例低于永泰,而肥胖与超重比例高于永泰。Logis-tic回归表明,影响营养不良的有关因素是:是否常吃蔬菜、肉类,早餐常喝牛奶、常吃蛋以及父亲文化程度等。[结论]营养不良的防治重点是农村学生,特别是山区学生,应积极采取科学、有效的干预措施,改善农村中小学生营养状况。

[Objective] To investigate the nutritional status of rural primary-middle school students and the related factors in Fuqing and Yongtai, Fujian. [Methods] The students aged 6 to 18 years were randomly selected and the body height and weight were measured. And the family information and dietary behavior was investigated by questionnaire. [Results] The percentages of low weight and malnutrition were at higher levels in Fuqing and Yongtai. And the percenta- ges in Fuqing were significantly lower than those in Yongtai. But the percentages of obesity and overweight were significantly higher than those in Yongtai. The related factors of malnutrition were vegetable and meat frequently taking, milk and egg eating in breakfast, and father＇s education level. [Conclusion] Malnutrition prevention should target for rural students. Scientific and effective measures of intervention should be taken to improve nutrition level for rural students.