当代全民公决制度的类型研究

A Study on Contemporary Forms of Referendum

世界各国有关全民公决制度的规定差异较大,历史上曾举行过的全民公决种类也纷繁多样,因此,对这种法律制度和政治现象进行科学合理的分类就显得至关重要。全民公决的分类标准经历了一个从单一性标准到多样性标准,从绝对标准到相对标准的转变过程。随着社会的不断发展,要建立一个一成不变的全民公决制度分类体系是不可能的,只能建立一个相对稳定的划分体系,并需要我们不断地对它加以关注和修正。

There have been diverse types of referendum in history as well as significant differences in referendum system in different countries around the world. Therefore, it is important to classify referendums, which are both legal systems and political phenomena, in a scientific and reasonable way. A comparative study shows that the classification standard of referendums has experienced a transition, from unitarity to diversity, from absolute standard to relative standard. The author holds that, with the constant change of society, it＇ s impossible to set up fixed classification system. Therefore, it is more reasonable to build a relatively stable classification system and to review and modify it continuously.