明清舶来植物的命名

Denomination of Some Plants Imported in Ming and Qing Dynasty

明清时期中国引种了大量的外来植物,它们被称为"舶来植物"。因为植物品种繁多,以及中国各个地区方言有所不同,所以出现了很多"同物异名"或"同名异物"的现象,使人们常混淆不清,给农业、中药学等带来了诸多不便。鉴于此,本文对明清时期的14种舶来植物的名称作了初步的考证。

During the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty, there are many plants spreading from foreign country. It appears a lot of phenomena that the same type of the plants has many different names while multiple kinds plants have the same name. Thus, it brings many difficulties for the agriculture and the traditional Chinese pharmacology. Here we discuss the name of fourteen kinds of ＂oversea plants＂, and probe into the ancient culture which is implicated in them, dividing into three sides.