司法克制理论的内涵及其现实意义

Theory of Judicial Restraint and Its Practical Significance

奥利弗.温德尔.霍姆斯是20世纪美国著名的大法官之一。他任职美国联邦最高法院期间提出的一系列异议在后来都得到了认可,所以他的法律思想被誉为确立了美国最高法院20世纪法哲学的航程。在洛克纳诉纽约州一案中,霍姆斯的异议在后来逐渐上升为确定的学说。霍姆斯在该案中提出了他著名的司法克制理论。他认为,法官不应该评判其所依据的法律的优劣,也不应评判立法依据的经济理论的好坏。法律背后的经济理论应该是一个立法者而不是法官首先考虑的问题。霍姆斯的这个理论对完善我国司法程序改革具有重大的指导意义。

Oliver Wendell Holmes is a famous judge of the U.S.A.in the 20th century.When he acted as a judge in the Supreme Court,his many dissents were accepted afterward.So he was deemed to define the future direction of legal philosophy in the Supreme Court in the 20th century.In the Lochner vs New York case,the dissents of Mr.Justice Holmes became an affirmattive theory.In this case,Holmes put forward his famous theory of judicial restraint.He held that a judge shouldn't judge the law on which he was to make verdict.The economic theory behind the law was a problem not for a judge but a legislator to consider.